The Effects Of Binge Drinking On College Students Essay

Alcohol has long been a problem for society, and college students are no exception to this problem, especially when it comes to binge drinking. Binge drinking is classified at 5 or more drinks for men or 4 or more drinks for women within 2 hours. According to a study by Ikes, â€Å"more than 40% of college students have engaged in heavy episodic drinking (HED)† or binge drinking (find pg number) and â€Å"19% engage in frequent binge drinking† (Iconis 243). There are very large implications for college students drinking this much alcohol. First of all, there is a huge health risk when drinking at such an alarming rate and a young age. According to a study done by the Office of the Surgeon General, when exposed to large amounts of alcohol, college students run the risk of developing long term biological change. Sustained binge drinking can affect both the brain’s and body’s biology. Young college students can develop adverse mental symptoms, such as anxiety and depression. Sustained binge drinking can also â€Å"affect memory, alters sensitivity to motor impairment, and damages frontal ­anterior cortical regions† (25). There is also evidence that sustained binge drinking has detrimental effects on the liver, endocrine system and bones (Office of the Surgeon General 26). Not only is this a health issue, it has become a social issue as well. Students who regularly engage in binge drinking have increases in risky behavior as a result of their impaired judgement, and this risky behavior has manyShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Binge Drinking On College Students1290 Words   |  6 Pagescommunicating the evidence that comes from alcoholic abuse in college students. The academic environment has its impact on the undergraduate student at some point or another, it is to some the only way to have fun, unknowingly the impact of binge drinking on their life can negatively affect their future while jeopardizing their career goals at the same time this type of substance abuse is negative. â€Å"The highest ratio of binge drinking can be found on college campuses† (Wechsler and Austin, 1998). There is aRead MoreEffects of Binge Drinking on College Students600 Words   |  3 PagesVeronica Harper’s Effects of Binge Drinking on College Students College students are more likely to consume alcohol more than people of the same age who are not attending college. Almost half of the college students that consume alcohol are considered binge drinkers (Five drinks in a row at one sitting for a man and four drinks in a row at one sitting for women). Many students believe the use of alcohol is a big part of the college experience, thus can be concluded that the college atmosphere may influenceRead MoreThe Effects Of Binge Drinking On College Students1139 Words   |  5 PagesThe Effects of Binge Drinking in College Students Binge drinking is when a person has more than four drinks, if female and five if male, in one sitting. While researching texts written about the negative effects of binge drinking in college students, I found articles and scholarly journals written by specialists in this specific field of study. These authors mainly focus on the fact that excessive binge drinking is detrimental to the quality of life and can alter your state of health in a negativeRead MoreThe Effects Of Binge Drinking On College Students Essay825 Words   |  4 PagesBinge Drinking would have various of ways to define what in reality means. As for college students would define it as a way to drink non-stop, just for fun, or excessively drinking until drunk. Binge drinking can be interpreted in a scientific form, like NIAAA defines binge drinking as a pattern of drinking that brings blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels to 0.08 g/dL. This typically occurs after 4 drinks for women and 5 drinks for men—in a bout 2 hours. (National Institute on Alcohol AbuseRead MoreThe Effects Of Binge Drinking On College Students849 Words   |  4 PagesCollege is arguably the single most important transition in an individual’s live which they experience many forms of peer pressure and specific growth patterns. Those individuals fortunate enough to pay for their studies are able to further education far and wide across the globe, not while coming at the cost of many positives stringing some negative. With increased peer pressure and opportunity, some are introduced to a parent’s worst nightmare that being the cause and effects of binge drinkingRead MoreEffects Of Binge Drinking On College Students Essay968 Words   |  4 PagesHenry Wechsler in Getting Serious about Eradicating Binge Drinking, stresses how modern college students think that binge drinking is a norm in college life. I agree with Wechsler that the modern college student thinks binge drinking is normal. In High School, pe ople would binge drink on a regular basis, and that eventually carried over into collegiate life. After being in college for about a month now, I realized that every night students binge drink either at bars, fraternity houses, or tailgatesRead MoreBinge Drinking Among College Students And Its Implications On The Society1462 Words   |  6 PagesBinge Drinking among College Students and Its Implications on the Society Binge drinking is a term used to describe a situation where women drink more than 4 bottles of alcohol in a row and men drink 5 or more bottles of alcohol in a row. It is taking too much alcohol in a short period. Alcohol is a substance that gradually produces an addiction in the body. Many college students use alcohol in recreational activities and parties. The alcohol gradually leads to addiction and causes a decline in theirRead MoreBinge Drinking On College Campuses1459 Words   |  6 PagesMr. Paul October 28, 2014 Binge Drinking On College Campuses Over the past few years, there has been this big debate about whether the drinking age should be lowered to 18 or if it should stay at 21. Those in favor of lowering the drinking age to 18 argue that someone who is old enough to serve their country should be allowed to have a drink. Those who are in favor of keeping the minimum legal drinking age at 21 because of consequences regarding psychological developmentRead MoreCause Effect of Binge Drinking Essay1247 Words   |  5 Pagesunplanned sexual activity all have in common? They are all frequent results of binge drinking by college students. On a typical Friday or Saturday night you can find the average college student out drinking and having fun. Normally partying with friends at a party, bar, or club; most of these college students are underage consuming excessive amounts of alcohol, or as its better known, â€Å"binge drinking.†The term binge drinking is defined as the consumption of five or more drinks in a row by men and fourRead MoreAccording To â€Å"College Drinking,† Almost Two Out Of Three1388 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to â€Å"College Drinking,† almost two out of three college students engage in binge drinking. Binge drinking is a pattern of drinking that brings blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels to 0.08 g/dL or higher (â€Å"College Drinking†). Many parents, guardians, and psychologists believe that college students binge drink because they think drinking is an integral part of their higher education. Similar to peer pressure, college students drink because the rest of the student body drinks. Furthermore The Effects Of Binge Drinking On College Students Essay Binge Drinking would have various of ways to define what in reality means. As for college students would define it as a way to drink non-stop, just for fun, or excessively drinking until drunk. Binge drinking can be interpreted in a scientific form, like NIAAA defines binge drinking as a pattern of drinking that brings blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels to 0.08 g/dL. This typically occurs after 4 drinks for women and 5 drinks for men—in about 2 hours. (National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism). It would variate between both gender, males and females as to how is alcohol being consumed in an amount of time. Researchers came to a conclusion, what binge drinking is being defined as to how much alcohol is being consumed, variables towards it, cause and effect, and etc. From the first article, The Role of Personality Dispositions to Risky Behavior in Predicting First Year College Drinking, would demonstrate a portion of how college student at University of Kentucky Campus is being influenced with alcohol. The study of variables are the rates of alcohol consumption (quality), binge drinking, alcohol-related problems, quality drinking, drinking frequency, and problem drinking; also between males and females. The key findings from this article, sensation seeking increases frequency with college students as to increase the a) quality of alcohol student consumed at any drinking episode, and b) negative outcomes experienced from drinking. Another of theShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Binge Drinking On College Students1290 Words   |  6 Pagescommunicating the evidence that comes from alcoholic abuse in college students. The academic environment has its impact on the undergraduate student at some point or another, it is to some the only way to have fun, unknowingly the impact of binge drinking on their life can negatively affect their future while jeopardizing their career goals at the same time this type of substance abuse is negative. â€Å"The highest ratio of binge drinking can be found on college campuses† (Wechsler and Austin, 1998). There is aRead MoreEffects of Binge Drinking on College Students600 Words   |  3 PagesVeronica Harper’s Effects of Binge Drinking on College Students College students are more likely to consume alcohol more than people of the same age who are not attending college. Almost half of the college students that consume alcohol are considered binge drinkers (Five drinks in a row at one sitting for a man and four drinks in a row at one sitting for women). Many students believe the use of alcohol is a big part of the college experience, thus can be concluded that the college atmosphere may influenceRead MoreThe Effects Of Binge Drinking On College Students1139 Words   |  5 PagesThe E ffects of Binge Drinking in College Students Binge drinking is when a person has more than four drinks, if female and five if male, in one sitting. While researching texts written about the negative effects of binge drinking in college students, I found articles and scholarly journals written by specialists in this specific field of study. These authors mainly focus on the fact that excessive binge drinking is detrimental to the quality of life and can alter your state of health in a negativeRead MoreThe Effects Of Binge Drinking On College Students Essay1697 Words   |  7 Pagesfor society, and college students are no exception to this problem, especially when it comes to binge drinking. Binge drinking is classified at 5 or more drinks for men or 4 or more drinks for women within 2 hours. According to a study by Ikes, â€Å"more than 40% of college students have engaged in heavy episodic drinking (HED)† or binge drinking (find pg number) and â€Å"19% engage in frequent binge drinking† (Iconis 243). There are very large implications for college students drinking this much alcoholRead MoreThe Effects Of Binge Drinking On College Students849 Words   |  4 PagesCollege is arguably the single most important transition in an individual’s live which they experience many forms of peer pressure and specific growth patterns. Those individuals fortunate enough to pay for their studies are able to further education far and wide across the globe, not while coming at the cost of many positives stringing some negative. With increased peer pressure and opportunity, some are introduced to a parent’s worst nightmare that being the cause and effects of binge drinkingRead MoreEffects Of Binge Drinking On College Students Essay968 Words   |  4 PagesHenry Wechsler in Getting Serious about Eradicating Binge Drinking, stresses how modern college students think that binge drinking is a norm in college life. I agree with Wechsler that the modern college student thinks binge drinking is norma l. In High School, people would binge drink on a regular basis, and that eventually carried over into collegiate life. After being in college for about a month now, I realized that every night students binge drink either at bars, fraternity houses, or tailgatesRead MoreBinge Drinking Among College Students And Its Implications On The Society1462 Words   |  6 PagesBinge Drinking among College Students and Its Implications on the Society Binge drinking is a term used to describe a situation where women drink more than 4 bottles of alcohol in a row and men drink 5 or more bottles of alcohol in a row. It is taking too much alcohol in a short period. Alcohol is a substance that gradually produces an addiction in the body. Many college students use alcohol in recreational activities and parties. The alcohol gradually leads to addiction and causes a decline in theirRead MoreBinge Drinking On College Campuses1459 Words   |  6 PagesMr. Paul October 28, 2014 Binge Drinking On College Campuses Over the past few years, there has been this big debate about whether the drinking age should be lowered to 18 or if it should stay at 21. Those in favor of lowering the drinking age to 18 argue that someone who is old enough to serve their country should be allowed to have a drink. Those who are in favor of keeping the minimum legal drinking age at 21 because of consequences regarding psychological developmentRead MoreCause Effect of Binge Drinking Essay1247 Words   |  5 Pagesunplanned sexual activity all have in common? They are all frequent results of binge drinking by college students. On a typical Friday or Saturday night you can find the average college student out drinking and having fun. Normally partying with friends at a party, bar, or club; most of these college students are underage consuming excessive amounts of alcohol, or as its better known, â€Å"binge drinking.†The term binge drinking is defined as the consumption of five or more drinks in a row by men and fourRead MoreAccording To â€Å"College Drinking,† Almost Two Out Of Three1388 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to â€Å"College Drinking,† almost two out of three college students engage in binge drinking. Binge drinking is a pattern of drinking that brings blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels to 0.08 g/dL or higher (â€Å"College Drinking†). Many parents, guardians, and psychologists believe that college students binge drink because they think drinking is an integral part of their higher education. Similar to peer pressure, college students drink because the rest of the student body drinks. Furthermore

Competitive Strategy Procedure - Stratagems and Diplomatic Policy

Question: Discuss about the Competitive Strategy for Procedure, Stratagems and Diplomatic Policy. Answer: Introduction: The strategy comprises the execution plan of a firm for growing competitive advantage and improving its threefold baseline before the long-term. The performance plan is associated with obtaining the financial, cultural, and environmental achievement goals; in principle, it provides support to build bridges connecting the longstanding concept and short-lived resolutions (Harvard Business Review 2015). G Johnson and K Scholes (Exploring Corporate Strategy) assert that strategy sets the long-term direction and potency of the company, and discover how assets must be fashioned to satisfy the claims of the businesses and stockholders (Mindtools.com 2016). The strategy involves defining the company's market, the unique value a company can provide, producing policies and plans to maintain the value; and allotting resources to keep those. It is principally about utilizing natural assets to generate a value proposition. It assists to seize chances in the hostile conditions while evading threats. The business strategy describes the procedure, stratagems and diplomatic policy embraced by a company to draw clients and attain its trade objectives. It is a very extensive expression that envelopes all a company does to earn capital. From associating with another company and drawing best potential to obtaining current technology, all is enfolded under the range of corporate strategy (Blog.udemy.com 2016). Nestl calls itself as food, nourishment, fitness, and wellness business. They formed Nestl Nutrition, an international trade organization created to establish the center of their primary food market. They assume their power in this business is the essential factor of their business strategy. This trade is described as a unit in which the customers major push for buying is the demands made by the commodity based on its nutritious composition. To strengthen their competitive advantage in this domain, Nestl Nutrition was entrusted with the production and gain and loss accountability for the claim-based market of Child Nourishment, Medical Nutrition, and Execution Nutrition. This segment strives to contribute excellent trade achievement by giving customers esteemed, scientific sustenance commodities and aids (Articles.castelarhost.com 2016). Nestl's Wellness policy must assure to be constant with the company's values. Nestl commonly follows a set of trade policies that have continuously supported the system of its operation. One fundamental theory is that of satisfying customers' requirements for subsistence, pleasure, and a character they can believe. It is the reason the firm puts so much importance on business analysis and on the useful means to interact with consumers. Principles that uphold customer interaction involve emphasizing regulation in food intake and portraying children in lively, vigorous pursuances. Nestl is transparent that its promotion should not look like urging children to consume snacks rather than meals. It is necessary to execute a strategy after transparently forming it. Nestl would try to make sure that in future all its goods maintain an exceptional taste report while supplying improved nutritional profits. This will occupy: 1. Keep some commodities 2. Commodity reformations 3. Originating innovative goods with carefully determined nutritional advantages (Businesscasestudies.co.uk 2016). Nestl's merchandise research and development system guarantee it is soundly situated to face the hurdle of shifts in customer anticipations. The organization's Wellness policy is precisely equipped to producing what customers require concerning the meals they consume - a powerful nutritive value and a real participation in their overall wellbeing. It has directed to the subsequent three-fold approach: Using this procedure Nestl has improved or reformed more than 700 commodities so that they boast of moderate cholesterol and taste composition. In addition to that, the firm views to aware customers regarding normal routines and a decent diet. Its actions involve the Nestl Trust sponsoring some activities concentrated on promoting nutritional consciousness, a website centered on presenting nutritional knowledge and on-pack substance data. Their Strategic Wellness Unit is established to assist the Wellness method both inside and out of the company to make sure everybody grasps what it symbolizes and what is the process to execute it. Their strategy must warrant the business has the required devices to back the idea. With its scientific and technological foundation, Nestl is well furnished to promote the fundamental scientific enhancements to subsisting commodities. It can also manage the expansion of new assets that provide to Wellness. With its well-established brands, extensive product collection and mains proficiency, Nestl is soundly placed to profit from a flourishing market. The company possesses the advantages and the supplies to match consumer demands in a situation where an increasing number of people are exploring Fitness and Wellness (Businesscasestudies.co.uk 2016). Business Model Innovation All business patterns are not identical. Regrettably, many officials view their design as settledas the fundamental, the valid, or possibly the exclusive way to earn capital in any particular business. However, in actuality, there are several models that officials can pick from. Recognizing that there are multiple rather than a couple can provide people withy a new direction of how to do business: that companies can be artistic while setting up their businesses. So, along with variation in goods, services, and methods, organizations require exploring trade design innovation. This innovation is a mixture of shifts a firm makes around the trade, business, and income model. While these elements are distinct and singular, they can be interlinked (Ixl-center.com 2016). ZARA A Well-Incorporated Business Model Why Zara has developed fast capturing market share from the high-end fashion boutiques (too costly) and the retail stores (too outdated). End Users: Young, trend aware customers Zara evade being out of affordability range or out of trend for its end market. Determining the What: Transformation with reduced cost The mixture of reduced cost, sound quality swiftly shifting to follow the contemporary trend Business Model Pattern Aspects Discussed: Obtaining modern ideas browse, pick, imitate analyze contemporary fashion. In-house stylists transform and improve based on consumer buying. Bypassing surplus requirement, which a slow demand chain cannot meet Growing a demand chain, that is extremely sensitive. Facilitating fast feedback from purchasers to product plans. Formulate an in-store encounter. Small but swiftly shifting the array of clothes Cost cutting by bypassing the surplus provisions that must be reduced, little promotion, imitating ideas off the market, lessened the array of samples, sizes, and shades permit low cost with quick inversion diminish working resources. Expanding the How Analytical Capabilities: Lean business. Growing distinctive competencies in identifying fashion trends. Running a very swift and active demand chain 7-day inversion IT treasury of plans on CAD/CAM Tiny, manageable stitching workshops in Spain Essential Lessons of the matter: The significance of market locus The quality impression of the customer The capability of lean and resilient demand chains for bulk transformation A fundamental lesson of a sound business model innovation is the value of a stable arrangement between the how, what and who. In a coordinated business model, the abilities and connections of the company support the value proposition and facilitate achievement and maintained competitiveness (www.aciic.org.au 2016). References Articles.castelarhost.com. 2016. Nestle's Competetive Strategy. [online] Available at: https://articles.castelarhost.com/nestle_competitive_strategy.htm Blog.udemy.com. 2016. Business Strategy Examples: Four Strategies Businesses Use to Make Money. [online] Available at: https://blog.udemy.com/business-strategy-examples/ Businesscasestudies.co.uk. 2016. Ensuring strategic fit - Responding to changing customer requirements: the drive towards Wellness - Nestl | Nestl case studies, videos, social media and information | Business Case Studies. [online] Available at: https://businesscasestudies.co.uk/nestle/responding-to-changing-customer-requirements-the-drive-towards-wellness/ensuring-strategic-fit.html#axzz4I2OwBjo0 Businesscasestudies.co.uk. 2016. Implementing the strategy - Responding to changing customer requirements: the drive towards Wellness - Nestl | Nestl case studies, videos, social media and information | Business Case Studies. [online] Available at: https://businesscasestudies.co.uk/nestle/responding-to-changing-customer-requirements-the-drive-towards-wellness/implementing-the-strategy.html#axzz4I2OwBjo0 Harvard Business Review. 2015. What Is Strategy, Again?. [online] Available at: https://hbr.org/2015/05/what-is-strategy-again Ixl-center.com. 2016. Business Model Innovation Demystified IXL Center. [online] Available at: https://www.ixl-center.com/business-model-innovation-demystified/ Mindtools.com. 2016. What Is Strategy?: The Three Levels of Strategy. [online] Available at: https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/what-is-strategy.htm www.aciic.org.au. 2016. www.aciic.org.au. [online] Available at: https://www.aciic.org.au/assets/Publications/2012/Business-Model-Innovation.

The Life Of Andy Warhol Essay Sample Example For Students

The Life Of Andy Warhol Essay Sample Never before have I encountered more intriguing works of art than those done by Andy Warhol. I have been curious about his life ever since I saw his work in Milwaukee. I saw his famous work of the Campbells Soup Can. By viewing this, one can tell he is not your average artist. Im sure his life is full of interesting events that shaped him into who he was. As an artist myself, I would like to get to know the background of his life. I may then be able to appreciate his styles and understand why and how his works were created. His life is as interesting as his artistic masterpieces. We will write a custom essay on The Life Of Andy Warhol Sample specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Andrew Warhola his original name was born one of three sons of Czech immigrants, somewhere in Pennsylvania on either August 6, 1928 or on September 28, 1930 the date on his birth certificate. His father died when Andy was at a very young age. Thus, it forced Andy into a deep depression containing lack of self confidence. Much of his young life has been kept secret. However, he did report being very shy and depressed because he never felt comfortable with his homosexuality. His childhood life may have been full of the torture that children threw at him for being the different person he was. He was able to attend college. After graduating with a Bachelor of Arts degree in pictorial design from Carnegie Institute of Technology in 1949, he went to New York City with Philip Pearlstein, who was a fellow student that later became a well-known realist painter. In 1960, Warhol finally began to paint in earnest and to view art seriously as a career. He began his career with commercial drawings of womens shoes. In 1961, an early manifestation was his Dick Tracy, an enlarged version of the comic strip that was placed in the window of Lord Taylors department store. He followed in his own footsteps to keep going in the ever-so-famous pop art track. Warhols use of images are so close to the images themselves, thanks to the photographic silkscreen technique, which is a process of applying the same image over and over again without changing the original. In 1963, he began turning film into his next aesthetic. He was the recorder of the world around him. Warhol saw this world as populated by hustlers of various sorts, motivated largely by money and the goods it would buy. Later that next year, he started to experiment in underground film. In the late 70s he began to use sex and nudity to gain attention in his films. Whether this was moral or not; it did, however, work. The rest of his short life was spent visiting with celebrities and keeping up with the worlds times. He tried to understand how the rest of the world saw things, but just never got there. Sadly, Warhol died of a heart failure on March 9, 1987, still wearing his famous blond hair wig. Andys diaries are not actual written records of his day to day accounts, but they are audio recordings of his phone conversations to Pat Hackett every Monday through Friday from Wednesday, November 24, 1976 to Tuesday, February 17, 1987, just weeks before his death. Warhol originally intended these daily records to be documentation of his minor business expenses. He was just audited and felt the need to be extra careful. In a word it was a diary. But whatever its broader objective, its narrow one, to satisfy tax auditors, was always on my mind Warhol xvi. Later on, he felt the diaries were a great way to explain his everyday occurrences for more than a decade of his life. This view of his life from his eyes is probably the most balanced view ever given. He may have changed since the 60s, but it is still the truest representation of Andy, himself. .ub710d2cce456005568d110e0132f4ccc , .ub710d2cce456005568d110e0132f4ccc .postImageUrl , .ub710d2cce456005568d110e0132f4ccc .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub710d2cce456005568d110e0132f4ccc , .ub710d2cce456005568d110e0132f4ccc:hover , .ub710d2cce456005568d110e0132f4ccc:visited , .ub710d2cce456005568d110e0132f4ccc:active { border:0!important; } .ub710d2cce456005568d110e0132f4ccc .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub710d2cce456005568d110e0132f4ccc { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub710d2cce456005568d110e0132f4ccc:active , .ub710d2cce456005568d110e0132f4ccc:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub710d2cce456005568d110e0132f4ccc .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub710d2cce456005568d110e0132f4ccc .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub710d2cce456005568d110e0132f4ccc .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub710d2cce456005568d110e0132f4ccc .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub710d2cce456005568d110e0132f4ccc:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub710d2cce456005568d110e0132f4ccc .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub710d2cce456005568d110e0132f4ccc .ub710d2cce456005568d110e0132f4ccc-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub710d2cce456005568d110e0132f4ccc:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Film Analysis The Life of David Gale EssayHe never expressed the key happenings of his life; its as if we, the readers, already knew them. He just usually mentions the quick everyday type things such as a cab ride to uptown New York. The first major influence on Andy Warhols life was the stepping stone of his artistic career, his enrollment in and completion of Carnegie Institute of Technology with a bachelor degree in pictorial design. After graduating he moved out to New York City, where his life blossomed. He lived for a couple of years with Philip Pearlstein, who he had met at school. Warhol, with his education centered around design, set out to begin his career on the right foot. He started doing drawings for advertisements in a womens shoe catalog. It may not have been much to brag about, but it was at least something he could learn and gain from the experience given to him. Andy may have acquired his use of media exploited images through his beginning attempts at commercialism. He knew what sold to society, whether he agreed with it or not. He continued on with simplified pop art and he made it famous. He is the person most people think about when pop art is mentioned. Through his advertising projects, he was conditioned to think only in glorification of people, products, and style. One of his popular works, the silkscreen of the Campbells Soup Can, is an example of this. It is an image that everyone is familiar with, and it is so common that sometimes it is overlooked. Many times, Andy took something simple and glorified it. This is how he made his designing skills useful in promotion. One would compare Warhol to the pictorial hyper-realism of Norman Rockwell, and to the surrealism of Marcel Duchamp, and the radicalism of Jasper Johns Sagan 1. A second major influence in Andy Warhols life is his participation in the underground film scene. It started in 1963, when he called himself the recorder of society around him Moritz 590. He would find people for his movies in a club-type warehouse called Maxs Kansas City. Every night, celebrities of art, fashion, music, and underground film-making crowds gathered in the back corners of Maxs to try their chance at working with Warhol. In 1968, he was nearly killed by a woman who was in one of his short films. She shot him on the side of his chest, but fortunately he was not killed. He still continued to make films; such famous ones are Eat, Haircut, Sleep, Kiss, and Empire. He would make them boring on purpose to possibly prove a point. Again it was glorifying something thought of as being extremely pointless. In the late 70s he began to use sex and nudity, featuring films concerning sexual bondage. He may have been simply looking for a shock value content. Many artists work off shock value, it takes only the true to admit it and still continue with it. The last and most important influence on Warhol was his mother, Julia Warhola. When Andy first arrived in New York, he would share apartments with friends and acquaintances. Eventually he could afford a place of his own. Then his mother suddenly arrived in town and moved in with him. Her reason was to look after him. She would constantly keep an eye out for a wife for Andy. Little did she know he was interested in the opposite sex for marriage. Andy appreciated his mother, and never wanted to explain how she had an impact on him. Maybe it was the fact that she meant well, and tried her hardest to take care of him. She lived with him on 89th Street and Lexington Avenue until 1971. By then, suffering from senility, she required constant care and Andy sent her back to Pittsburgh to be cared for by his two brothers, John and Paul. After suffering a stroke, she died in her nursing home in 1972. Andy did not except the fact too kindly. He would even go as far to say his mother was doing fine, when people would ask about her, even though she had already passed away. Andy stayed quiet and tried to hide himself from the rest of society. He would avoid emotional interaction as much as he could. .u7e8a650436e7ac6f8302df14ebd4de41 , .u7e8a650436e7ac6f8302df14ebd4de41 .postImageUrl , .u7e8a650436e7ac6f8302df14ebd4de41 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7e8a650436e7ac6f8302df14ebd4de41 , .u7e8a650436e7ac6f8302df14ebd4de41:hover , .u7e8a650436e7ac6f8302df14ebd4de41:visited , .u7e8a650436e7ac6f8302df14ebd4de41:active { border:0!important; } .u7e8a650436e7ac6f8302df14ebd4de41 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7e8a650436e7ac6f8302df14ebd4de41 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7e8a650436e7ac6f8302df14ebd4de41:active , .u7e8a650436e7ac6f8302df14ebd4de41:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7e8a650436e7ac6f8302df14ebd4de41 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7e8a650436e7ac6f8302df14ebd4de41 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7e8a650436e7ac6f8302df14ebd4de41 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7e8a650436e7ac6f8302df14ebd4de41 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7e8a650436e7ac6f8302df14ebd4de41:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7e8a650436e7ac6f8302df14ebd4de41 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7e8a650436e7ac6f8302df14ebd4de41 .u7e8a650436e7ac6f8302df14ebd4de41-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7e8a650436e7ac6f8302df14ebd4de41:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Procrastination And Sloth The Spice Of Life? EssayHe did this so he could shrink away from human touch Moritz 591. A man who started his life shy and uncomfortable, blossomed into an outspoken artist, now finished his life with feelings even worse than the beginning of his life. After extensive research I found that Andy had much more to his life than I had originally expected. He was involved in the classic rock band The Velvet Underground, with famous singer Lou Reed. He actually even designed a few of the album covers. Most people remember the self-entitled album with the picture of a banana on it. Directly to the left of the banana read the words peel me. If one would peel it, it would reveal the pink insides of a banana. Truly a work of Andy, I must say. Another thing I found was that Andy was not only homosexual, but he was omnisexual. It was rumored he had no problem with sex with anyone or anything. Men, women, animals, you name it, it was probably thought of. And last of all I found he was unusually kind and appreciative to others, especially the ones who worked for him. Pat Hackett, his editor, once said that she has never met a person who says thank you as much as Andy does. Not once have I been more informed on a persons life. In the beginning I thought I knew a lot about. This research on Andy Warhol definitely reinforced my positive view of him. It may have possibly enhanced my appreciation for him as well. I enjoyed the honesty of the entire diary. Nothing was hidden from the reader and I felt as informed as a good friend of his would feel. His life is an interesting one and I believe more people should try to investigate other lives of the unusual. It expands your own viewpoints to accept those of others. Many critics have different viewpoints on Warhols autobiography. He was still appreciated by those who understood his ideas. But he had to have had some sense of history, or he wouldnt have left the diaries behind to try to explain everything to future generations Plagens 1732. Some realize that the diaries are rather boring, but seem to see the true Andy come through in the entries. Despite their virtuoso triviality, their naive snobbery and their incredible length, the diaries are not without a certain charm Amis 1732. Others saw the diaries as a simplistic record of events. His diaries are more or less just records of who went where and did what with whom, that anybody else whod been along could have kept Plagens 1732. Its too bad he didnt start the diaries earlier in his life, such as the 60s, when it would have been more interesting to know what he did and whom he was with, instead of waiting until 1976 to begin Plagens 1732. Some even complained of the editing job done by Pat H ackett. One problem with the diaries is their postmodern polish, such as the casual proofreading and editing Trebay 1732. The reason the editor didnt fit up to par was the mere fact she wanted it to sound how Andy explained the day. still the book is great social history with its lip-smacking tales of loveless, sexless marriages, its gimlet-eyed view of other peoples success, and its rampant unclosetings Trebay 1732. I, myself, found the book very entertaining and a great nonchalant look at the famous and their everyday lives. It may have been organized better and condensed a bit, but none-the-less it was still interesting and kept me reading.

How to Write a Compare and Contrast Essay All Things Considered

How to Write a Compare and Contrast Essay All Things Considered Compare and contrast essay is one of the most widespread types of academic essays. From the high school times, this type of academic writing is used to check the knowledge and understanding of the students on specific topics or issues. Furthermore, compare and contrast essays are meant to show how the students can apply and use the learned material in real life. However, many people are confused with this type of essay as they fail to understand the very title. That is, compare and contrast essay presupposes thorough analysis of similarities and differences between two or more objects or items. Also, you should pay attention to the fact that these papers can be written on any topic in any discipline. Nevertheless, they are mostly used while comparing different theories (philosophy, literature), analyzing historical events, and other. Even though it may usually seem to be difficult to choose the topic for the high-qualitative and informative compare and contrast essay, you should only think more about the material you have covered during the course. Then you should decide on the issue or problem with two opposing views, so there will be differences and similarities to analyze. In order to write an efficient compare and contrast essay, you may look at the next topics for the essay: Differences and Similarities between the Views on Slavery of the Northerners and Southerners of the U.S. During the 18th Century; Compare and Contrast English Renaissance Theater and Italian Renaissance Theater; How the Immigration Policies of European Countries Differ from American Ones? Differences and Similarities between Ancient Greek and Roman Sculpture; Vegans and Vegetarians: Compare and Contrast the Benefits of Two Eating Habits; Compare and Contrast the Impact of a Healthy Lifestyle and Medication on People Suffering from Diabetes; Kate Middleton and Meghan Markle: Whose Wedding Was Better? The Effects of Colonization on Countries of Northern and Latin America; Differences and Similarities of Judaism and Christianity Regarding God’s Perception; Communism in China and the Soviet Union: Similarities and Differences. Pre-writing Tips from Our Academic Writers As it was already mentioned before, writing a compare and contrast essay is not as challenging as it may seem at first sight. However, you should spend plenty of time on the pre-writing process, which is the preparation phase before actually starting working on the paper. First of all, you should critically analyze the context of the chosen topic. The title of your essay should be clear and concise so that both you and the readers understand what your work is about. For instance, if you are writing about the differences and similarities between the views on slavery of the Northerners and Southerners during the 18th century, you should focus only on the given period. As a result, you will only be able to address the sources, documents, and evidence that talk about the 18th century in the history of the U.S. Here comes the next important step while preparing for writing a compare and contrast essay – looking for the appropriate and relevant sources. Directly looking on the Internet for articles that provide you with the list of differences and similarities on the chosen items or issues is not a good idea. Indeed, you should look through the material once again, study the information in details, and look for the controversial points. For example, if you are writing about the Enlightenment movement in the US and France, it becomes evident that the movement had peculiarities in both of these countries because of their different economics, politics, and even societies. As a result, Enlightenment in these countries was developing differently, which, in its turn, changed the development of arts of that period. When it comes to compare and contrast essay writing, you should remember that you will be discussing the differences and similarities. Consequently, it is recommended to draft a short outline before writing the very essay not to forget anything. For instance, you can start with writing out the differences and similarities between the views of Northerners and Southerners on slavery. By having two columns with differences and similarities, you will clearly see the main point of your future essay. In such a way, you will be able to make a coherent and logical structure for this academic writing. Structure One of the main peculiarities of compare and contrast essay is its structure. That is, you will have to discuss the variety of different points which should support your opinion on the issue. Therefore, it is crucial for the flow and the structure of this academic writing work to be logical for you. Thus, it is not going to confuse or mislead the readers. There are two ways of organizing a compare and contrast essay. The first method is called the alternating method. It presupposes that the author of the writing focuses on the points being discussed rather than on the issues or objects that have to be contrasted and compared. That is, you alternate between the compared and contrasted items while talking about a specific point of view. For example, you may discuss the attitudes of Northern and Southern slaveholders to their slaves. While analyzing this point of view, you will talk about both – the Northerners and Southerners no matter whether they had similar or different attitudes towards slaves. The next method of organizing a compare and contrast essay is called the block method. It suggests that you should talk about the items being compared rather than on the points of comparison. For instance, in the first few paragraphs of your essay, you will talk about the first item only. In the next paragraphs, you will provide information and discuss the second item. Title/Thesis Statement/Body Paragraphs Introduction In compare and contrast essays, the introduction is usually more extensive as it requires more information to be covered. Nevertheless, you should always provide the necessary background information for either the points of comparison or items being compared and contrasted. It is necessary to make sure that the readers are aware of the context, so they understand all the points you will make throughout the essay. If your essay is informal, you can also include a hook at the beginning of the paragraph to engage with the readers and make them interested in the topic. Usually, a question or a sentence with statistical data can serve as a great hook. For example: 1. Would the US history be different, if Southern slave-owners were as caring and kind to their African Americans workers as the Northerners? 2. According to Jones, 3 millions of slaves died on Southern plantations during the 18th century. Thesis The next significant step is to create a thesis statement. You should remember that the thesis statement is the most important sentence in the introductory paragraph that informs your readers on the topic of your whole essay. That is why it is vitally important to include all the main points in this sentence. In addition, in a compare and contrast essay, your thesis should include both differences and similarities of the compared issues or objects. A good example of a strong and successful thesis statement is the next one: 1. Even though both the Northerners and the Southerners relied on their slaves during the 18th century, the first ones were more kind to their African American workers and supported the idea of liberating them. As you can see, this thesis highlights both similarities and differences of the views of the Northern and Southern residents of the US during the 18th century. On the one hand, the essay shows that both Northerners and Southerners were using slaves in their households, which is a similarity. On the other hand, the author indicates that unlike Southerners, Northerners treated their slaves better. What is more, Northerners were more willing to free their slaves and recognize them as equal citizens of the country. Body Paragraphs You should also consider the fact that each body paragraph should start with a topic sentence. Similarly to the thesis statement, this sentence will reveal the main point of the paragraph. Depending on the structure you have chosen for your compare and contrast essay, the topic sentences may vary. Here you can look at the examples of the correct topic sentences: 1. During the late 18th century, Northern slave-owners cared for their African American workers by providing separate housing for families or couples and even organizing lessons on reading and writing. 2. Comparing to the industrial North, South was agricultural and relied on slaves, which made Southern slave-owners especially cruel to their slaves and unwilling to support the abolitionist movement. Conclusion Finally, in the conclusion section, you should restate your thesis, so that the readers remember it. Furthermore, you should briefly remind about the main points covered in your essay. The last sentence of conclusion has to be strong and include either a general summary of the essay or the implications for the related topics and issues. Introduction Phrases for Comparison Contrast Without a doubt, linking phrases are important in the academic text. However, in compare and contrast essay they are even more important as they help the readers to trace the connection between both the points being made and the items being compared. Moreover, without these phrases, you will not be able to comprehend why this point differs from another one. In such a way, the whole work will lose its meaning and logic. That is why you should pay attention to the special introduction phrases for comparison and contrast that will add flow to your essay. As it was already mentioned before, contrasting two items means looking for the differences between them. Conversely, to compare means to discuss the common things in these items. Thus, the next phrases, linking devices, and constructions will come in handy when writing a compare and contrast essay. On the one hand / on the other hand Conversely Similarly On the contrary / in contrast Comparing to / in comparison to While item A was †¦, the item B was Post-writing Tips Even though many people neglect the post-writing stage of any writing process, you should remember that this stage can significantly improve the quality of your text. As you go through your work a few times, you will be able to find major and minor mistakes. Thus, revising and editing your paper will both help to fix all the mistakes and even avoid them in the future. Revising Revising is a long and complicated process of analyzing and fixing the paper as a whole. However, it is not recommended to start revising the paper immediately after you have finished it. Indeed, you should spend some time being involved in any other activity, so later you can focus on your work and analyze it adequately. First of all, you should check whether you have followed all the instructions to the assignment. For instance, it may deal with such aspects as a genre of the essay, organization, and even the word count. In addition, you should double-check whether your arguments are solid and supported by the relevant pieces of evidence. Among the other parts of the revising process are the number of sources used, proper in-text citations and references, and so on. Editing Editing is the final stage of writing any paper. Although it is considered to be much easier than revising, this process also requires patience and attention. During editing your essay, you should focus on grammar and stylistics of your paper. That is, you should look through any suspiciously long sentences, and the sentence structure in general. It is also essential to fix any spelling mistakes and make sure that you did not miss any article. Finally, you should ensure that the text looks as it has to, with all the indenting, sections, headers, and so on. Fortunately, you can find numerous grammar and spelling checking services on the Internet, which will help you to polish your compare and contrast essay writing. References Compare Contrast Essay. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://owl.excelsior.edu/rhetorical-styles/compare-and-contrast-essay/ Comparing and Contrasting. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/comparing-and-contrasting/ How to Write a Compare and Contrast Essay. (2018, June 05). Retrieved from https://chiefessays.net/how-to-write-a-compare-and-contrast-essay/ Smith, S. (2018, November 15). Compare Contrast Essays. Retrieved from https://www.eapfoundation.com/writing/essays/candc/ Step-by-Step Guide to Writing Compare and Contrast Essays. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://study.com/articles/Step-by-Step_Guide_to_Writing_Compare_and_Contrast_Essays.html

Sexual Assault on campus Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Sexual Assault on campus - Research Paper Example 2013). The controversy continues on the critical topic because of the overlap that exists between theory and empirical research. There is much theory, but little research has been done on the topic. For instance, there are only a few documented studies on the effects of sexual assault (Exner & Cummings, 2011). The issue has been denied the attention it deserves like other crimes in the campus environment. This paper will be at analyzing the controversy in sexual assault in campus and the different issues related to it. Sexual assault in campuses is a reality with women being the major victims of this vise. There exist studies exploring gender differences when it comes to sexual assault (Wilcox, Jordan & Pritchard, 2006). These studies have shown that women in college are the main victims; however, the effects are worse to males (Exner & Cummings, 2011). When males are sexually assaulted, the outcomes are severe because of the climate in campus where men have been empowered. Therefore, there is a controversy on the widely affected gender and the intensity of outcomes on the different genders. College populations are said to be major victims of sexual assault because they are in the age group that experiences most of the social activities and dating. Through dating and the social activities, students end up being sexually assaulted by people close to them when they fail to satisfy their wants. According to Casey & Nurius (2006), sexual assault peaks at adolescence. This makes sexual assault to be more prevalent in colleges than in the general population. Substance use is also common among college students (Hayes et al. 2013). This further increases the risk of victimization by reducing the ability to ignore or resist unwanted advances. Statistics, on the other hand, show that a sexual assault in campus is at around 25% with women being major victims of this. Scholars like Casey & Nurius (2006) claim that these statistics do not give a real picture of the

The benefits of using the Smart Phones Assignment

The benefits of using the Smart Phones - Assignment Example In addition, the report has some visual effects that would enable the audience to clearly understand its content. Abstract The use of smartphones is the latest world trend with people of different ages opting to adopt the use of these gadgets in their everyday lives. This is because smart phones assist in informal learning, distance learning, increase quality and efficiency in health care, increase voter participations in elections, and also increased professional engagement in work. However, the use of smart phones has some disadvantages such as reduced social life and access to obscene adult content from the internet by teenagers. In general, the use of smart phones has played an important role in making the world a better and comfortable place to leave in. Benefits of Using Smartphones 1. Introduction Mobile phones and smartphones are both used with the primary function of being able to make and receive phone calls and send and receive text messages, but the smartphone has certain qualities that distinguish it from any usual mobile phones. Smartphones have additional features such as online gaming, online video watching, route tracking, GPS system and several other added features, which differentiate it from other usual mobile phones and, are more preferred than mobile phones. ... The research center further figured out that there are various benefits that can be obtained through smartphones, and these benefits are the primary reason for the high demand of smartphones in the US. Smartphones are not limited to the access of adults; they are even owned and used by several teenagers and the younger generation. Smartphones have gained immense popularity among the youth population because of the several benefits offered by these phones. On one end are those who propose that smartphones are a smart invention and are assisting the society in several ways; on the other end are those who are against the use of smartphones due to various negative effects associated with these phones. This writing will focus on the argument of whether the smartphones are beneficial for the society or not while defending the stance that smartphones have several more benefits to offer than costs. The writing will especially focus on the benefits offered by smartphones to both the adult as well as the youth population. Smartphones benefit both the adults and the youth in obtaining both formal as well as informal educations. They have become a major tool of in distance learning. They are used by users to satisfy their personal need, helps employees in remaining involved with their businesses, are assisting in increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of health care services, and are elevating the quality of health care, and can even help in increasing voter turnout during different elections. 2. Background The development of Smart phones evolved from the traditional mobile phones. Though both of them perform nearly the same functions, the Smart phones are

Strategies for counter terrorism in United States Essay Example for Free

Strategies for counter terrorism in United States Essay Strategies for counter-terrorism in United States Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   September 9/11 is a day that many people will never forget. It’s a day that’s the world’s peace was on the line. The attack on the world’s trade center proved that terrorism is a real threat in the world. That day I watched TV in shock watching people crying and wailing in pain. Many souls perished in the attack and others were maimed seriously. Counter-terrorism is an action taken to prevent the activities of political groups who use violence to try to achieve their aims. To come up with an effective counter-terrorist strategy, state government need the aim terrorists ‘ interest and goal in their state and what they aim to achieve in their mission. This analysis entails how terrorism occurs and the strategies that America has taken to counter it and challenges of each strategy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The word terrorism originates from the word terrero which is in Latin, meaning fear. Usually terrorists are taken as Middle Eastern men who are motivated by their beliefs to harm innocent people. Unfortunately this vice is diverse, found everywhere in the world and used for any imaginable goal. Mostly terrorists are religiously or politically motivated. There are those homegrown and international. For the homegrown they organize and do it in their country (Cindy C Combs, 2003).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The word terrorism brings fear into many people while others misunderstand it. Terrorists are usually ideologically motivated whereby they use violence towards civilians so as to create fear and panic hoping to change policies or laws in a given country. There various practices used by terrorists to propagate their activities. One way terrorists is to create civil disorder. This can vary from legal protestation to illegal intimidation to the government. Various countries condone different dissent levels whereas in other peaceful assembly this is taken as terrorism. For sure destructive terrorism forms are religious, political, and quasi political. The political terrorist performs the terrorism hopping to change policies, normally in reference to profession, color or creed. The quasi political terrorism is one whereby terrorist’s tactics are used for personal gain. Finally religious terrorism looks at proliferating a person’s belief in the expense of others (Cindy C Combs, 2003). A firm stand should be taken against terrorism since it is very cruel and unjust.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Terrorism goes in and around diplomatic process with a purpose of disrupting safety and peace so as to achieve a goal. For many terrorists, a mission successful is considered when thousands of helpless, children and women lie as corpses in the streets. What many terrorist do is to set as small bomb maybe in a building which results in killing say, forty people and later detonate a larger bomb when crowd of people, policemen and medics gather to witness the outcome.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Terrorists attacks have taken place like hundred times in America and the exact figures are not clear since distinction between political violence and the domestic one is blurred. From the year 1999, there have been over fifty terror attacks which are separate, on domestic soil. According to the FBI’s NCTC records, there were over eleven thousand five hundred terror acts in the entire world by the year 2011. These attacks occurred in seventy two countries and led to approximately fifty thousand casualties of which thirteen thousand two hundred of the fifty thousand casualties suffered extreme trauma.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Each American government agency concerned with counterterrorism, has a purpose in the war against terror. The mission of Federal Bureau of Investigation is to counteract terrorist cells and operatives in United States and to aid in dismantling terrorists networks globally. In United States, numerous agencies including State Department, Department of Homeland Security, Federal Bureau of Investigation and Central Intelligence Agency are mandated to counter terrorism. The main objective of the National Counter-terrorism Center is to orchestrate and integrate the formidable abilities of the American government devoted to defeating the threat of international terrorism and reducing the terror to Unites States interests at home and overseas (Jim S., 2001).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Counter terrorism strategy was paramount in the US national security even before the September 9/11 attacks. This is depicted whereby from the year 1958 to the year 1999, over forty legal acts dealing with war reinforcement against terrorism in a ranging degree were adopted. This acts brought about empowering of the state authority and also the agencies of law enforcement to detect and also repress the terrorism act in United States and overseas.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Most of the states use varied goals and sub-goals that dictate their counterterrorism policies. These vary depending on the state’s economic and political situation. Some of these goals include; preventing the attack, getting rid of terrorists and motivation and minimizing casualties and damages should the terrorist attack occur (Michael B. Kraft, Edward M., 2012).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Over the decade, United States has had high level of involvement in counter-terrorism actions. The time of struggle during which it fought against terrorism can be divided into two phases: this is after and before the occurrence of the 11th Sep, 2001. Phase one of counterterrorism is in relation to 1980s to 1990s. In this phase there were clear distinguished tendencies such as: use of military forces and new technologies. They used of military forces to fight international terrorist especially bombing their bases and their agencies. One of these operations was held during autumn-inter the year 2001 in Afghanistan. According to Bush G.W, they joined hands with the afghan people to overthrow the Taliban regime— the defenders of the al-Qaida network- and supported a new democratic government to rise in its place. In the field of information technology, there has been a defense by the United States: the data system and the supervisory c ontrol that are applied in the oil and gas industries, pharmaceutical. In the water supply system, and in chemicals are very vulnerable since the implementation of the information technology. The attack of computers by viruses will have to play a vital role in military. Moreover, united States plan a major role in helping train new agents for counterterrorism in other countries.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Phase two started since autumn the year 2001. Thousands of people from eighty eight countries died as a result of 11th September attack. This attack led to the realization of the vulnerability of any country in the hands of terrorist. These have led to expansion of anti-terrorism cooperation in many countries. According to Paul Pillar, CRI agent who is working on Middle East countries and south Asia,’ the campaign against terrorism must be as diverse as terrorism itself’. He gave the difference among the following various counterterrorism measures; (1) The diplomacy which recognizes no borders among states, (2) the combination of many measures that complement one another, (3) blocking financial support to terrorists groups or even their sponsoring states. They would also try to track their cash flows though very difficult, (4) use of a considerably weak military force. Terroristic bases are normally not large targets and ther efore easy to destroy unlike the military bases which presents a large stationary, (5) intelligence activity is the most crucial tool to deal with terrorism. The challenge with this tool is that most of the terrorists’ data is fragmented, pregnant with meanings and usually highly questionable, (6) they would also combine different measures which complement each other.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the America’s main strategies of combating terrorism is diplomatic actions and economic sanctions against countries that tend to back-up terrorism activities. The best example of this is the United Nations mandating and leading international sanctions against West African country—Libya due to the role it played in backing up terrorists who were involved in the bombing of Pan Am 103 in the year 1988.this was the first action that the entire world community took against terrorism. The United States sternly led this action with nations now being aware that US would discipline nations that support terrorism (Spindlove, C. E., 2007)..   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The second strategy which included objectives and policies such strengthening coalitions to beat global terrorism was initiated in the year 2002.the main objective of this strategy is to compel other nations’ government to indentify and destroy terrorist organizations. For instance, when President George Bush was planning war on Iraq, he encouraged Americans to use the full influence they have and work hand in hand with allies and friends to ensure that all actions of terrorists are illegal so that terrorism is perceived as unacceptable behavior that no reputable government can support. This strategy depicts America as using a policy of global coercion but at the time of this strategy, America was waging a war on Iraq. One of the main challenges of this strategy is that it used weapons of mass destructions and the fear of terrorism to help gain back-up for the war using a policy of ‘’your nation is either with us or aga inst us.’’ (Spindlove, C. E., 2007).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The former U.S.A president said that the United States can no longer rely on deterrence to keep the terrorists at bay or defensive measure to thwart them at the last moment. The fight must be taken to the enemy, to keep them on the run. In order to succeed, America need the support and concert action of friends and allies (Bush G.W., 2010, p.8). Conquered with the president, â€Å"in this task of eradication, â€Å"deterrence† is a mere tactic†¦..to succeed in the long run, however ,the united state must address root causes or a next generation of terrorists will emerge. â€Å"They promised to make better the performance of making of decision, action and also for centralized decisions. They also said that the actions would be decided by those who can understand the political, military and also economic boundaries. They are the central authorities. Broad-front strategy, though seen as unwise and wasteful is what united state s hould conduct. As they have been dealing with issues of terrorists organizations, such as al Qaeda, the U.S.SA as realized that the head or the heat of the beast is never single. This means that the center of gravity to look at when attacking may not be there. Bush G.W. has outlined the main objects in the plan of fighting terrorism in United States. He said that the fight entails use of military force including other national power instruments to kill or catch the terrorists, refuse to give them safe haven, or power over any nation. Block them from getting access to WMD, and obstruct their means of support. This plan is also targeted on continuation of political reforms to guard peaceful Muslims in the whole world in their faith. He also said that responsible Islamic leaders should dissociate from an ideology that alters and exploits the Islam for ends that are destructive and rapes a proud religion. (Bush G.W., 2010, p.23).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The main counterterrorism plans are based on pre-emption, prevention, consequence management and defense. America is pursuing preemptive and proactive strategies to combat terrorism. The American security strategy is that of protection of its citizens and assets as it sees deterring and defeating terrorists as the ground for this defense. One of the main challenges of these policies is that they have internal conflict within themselves. On one hand, they seek to promote free and open societies globally while on the other hand, they seek to fight tyranny and terrorists. These strategies contradict each other as America is seen as promoting free and open societies while it benefits itself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   US usually attach much importance to getting from friendly countries rights to use their territory and tools for the USA armed forces, together with making the improved operating basis in dangerous and regions that are unstable. Today American troops are all over in one hundred and thirty countries of the world, in regards to Heritage Foundation. Most of these troops are majored in Arabic countries, together with Iraq base, Qatar, Kuwait and also in UAE (Spindlove, C. E., 2007).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion terrorism is a danger to world’s peace and stability. No groups of people should kill innocent people in the name of religion politics or ethnicity. Instead people from all religions, political or ethnic background should co-exist together and embrace peace. Unfortunately the terrorists consider a mission successful when hundreds of innocent souls lie in pools of blood. World leaders should unite their people and encourage them to shun away from terrorism and other related violence. The America’s counterterrorist policy is based on prevention; deterrence, pre-emption and limiting consequences if the act cannot be prevented. It also uses coercion as a strategy to help to strengthen coalitions for its strategies. America feels that exclusive of strong alliances and support from its friends and allies, terrorism will continue to grow and at one point, be a danger to its people and assets. References   Bush, George W. (2010).  Decision Points. Crown Publishers. pp.  399–400. Palestinian extremists, many affiliated with the terrorist group Hamas, launched a wave of terrorist attacks against innocent civilians in IsraelMy views [on Israel and Hamas] came into sharper focus after 9/11. Cindy C Combs (2003), Terrorism in the Twenty First Century, (3rd Edition, New Jersey: Pearsons Educ. Inc.) Jim Saxton. (2001). Patterns of Global Terrorism and Threats to the U.S:Hearing before the Special Oversight Panel on Terrorism. Washington D.C: Diane Publishing Co. Michael B. Kraft, Edward Marks.(2012) . U.S Government Counterterrorism: A Guide to Who Does What. New York:CRC press. Paul R. Pillar.(2003). Terrorism and U.S Foreign Policy: Washington, D.C: R.R. Donnelley and Sons Harrisonburg, Virginia Spindlove, C. E. (2007). Terrorism Today. The Past, The Players, The Future. New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc. Source document